Python Modules

 

Python  Modules

#Python  Module  example

def add(a, b):

"""this program adds two

numbers and return the result"""

    result=a+b

    return result

 

>>>import example

 

>>>example.add(4,5.5)

9.5

 

>>import math

>>print("the value of pi is",math.pi)

when you run the program,the output will be:

 

the value of pi is 3.141592653589793

import with renaming

import math as m

print("the value of pi is", m.pi)

python from..import statement

from math import pi

print("the value of pi is",pi)

 

 

>>>from math import pi, e

>>>pi

3.141592653589793

>>>e

2.718281828459045

 Import all names

Python Module Search Path

 

>>> import sys

>>> sys.path

['', 'C:\\Python33\\Lib\\idlelib',

 'C:\\Windows\\system32\\python33.zip',

 'C:\\Python33\\DLLs',

 'C:\\Python33\\lib',

 'C:\\Python33',

 'C:\\Python33\\lib\\site-packages']

 

the dir() built-in function

>>>dir(example)

['__builtins__',

'__cached__',

'__doc__',

'__file__',

'__initializing__',

'__loader__',

'__name__',

'__package__',

'add']

python numbers, type conversion and mathematics

a=5

#output:<class'int'>

print(type(a))

#output:<class'float>

print(type(5.0))

#output:(8+3j)

c=5+3j

print(c+3)

#output:true

print(isinstance(c ,complex))

Type Conversion

>>>1+2.0

3.0

>>>int(2.3)

2

>>>int(-2.8)

-2

>>>float(5)

5.0

>>>complex('3+5j')

(3+5j)

 

Python Decimal

import decimal

>>>print(0.1)

0.1

>>>print(decimal.Decimal(0.1))

decimal('0.1000000000000000055511151231257827021181583404541015625')

 

 from decimal import decimal as D

>>>print(D('1.1')+D('2.2'))

decimal('3.3')

>>>print(D('1.2')*D('2.50''))

decimal('3.000')

Python Fractions

import fractions

print(fractions.Fraction(1.5))

print(fractions.Fraction(5))

print(fractions.Fraction(1,3))

OUTPUT

3/2

5

1/3

 

 

import fractions

print(fractions.Fraction(1.1))

#As float

#output:24769797950553773/2251799813685248

print(fractions.Fraction('1.1'))

#As string

#output:11/10

 

from fractions import Fraction  as  F

#output:2/3

print(F(1,3)+F(1,3))

#output:6/5

print(1/F(5,6))

#output:false

print(F(-3,10)>0)

#output:true

print(F(-3,10)<0)

Python Mathematics

import math

#output: 3.141592653589793

print(math.pi)

#output: -1.0

print(math.cos(math.pi))

#output: 22026.465794806718

print(math.exp(10))

#output: 3.0

print(math.log10(1000))

#output: 1.1752011936438014

print(math.sinh(1))

#output:  720

print(math.factorial(6))

 

import random

#output: 16

print(random.randrange(10,20))

x=['a','b','c','d','e']

#get random choice

print(random.choice(x))

#shuffle x

random.shuffle(x)

#print the shuffled x

print(x)