C++ Operators
- Arithmetic Operators
- Relational Operators
- Logical Operators
- Bitwise Operators
- Assignment Operator
- Unary operator
- Ternary or Conditional Operator
- scope resolution operator
C++
Arithmetic Operators
|
Operator |
Operation |
|
+ |
Addition |
|
- |
Subtraction |
|
* |
Multiplication |
|
/ |
Division |
|
% |
Modulo Operation (Remainder after division) |
Arithmetic Operators
#include <iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main() {
int a, b;
clrscr();
cout<<"Enter a & b value ";
cin>>a>>b;
cout << "a + b = " << (a + b)
<< endl;
cout << "a - b = " << (a - b)
<< endl;
cout << "a * b = " << (a * b)
<< endl;
cout << "a / b = " << (a / b)
<< endl;
cout << "a % b = " << (a % b)
<< endl;
getch();
}
Output
Enter a & b value
5 3
a + b = 8
a - b = 2
a * b = 15
a / b = 1
a % b = 2
Conditional Operator
(condition) ?
true_value : false_value;
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int a=10,b=5,c;
c=(a>b)
? a : b;
cout<<"Greatest
number is "<<c;
getch();
}
Output
Greatest number is 10
C++ Assignment Operators
|
Operator |
Example |
Equivalent to |
|
+= |
a
+= 3; |
a
= a + 3; |
|
-= |
a
-= 2; |
a
= a - 2; |
|
*= |
a
*= 3; |
a
= a * 3; |
|
/= |
a
/= 2; |
a
= a / 2; |
#include <iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main() {
int a, b;
clrscr();
cout<<"Enter a & b value ";
cin>>a>>b;
cout << "a + = " << (a +=3 )
<< endl;
cout << "a - = " << (a - =2)
<< endl;
cout << "a * = " << (a * =3)
<< endl;
cout << "a / = " << (a / =2)
<< endl;
getch();
}
Output
Enter a & b value
5
a + = 8
a - = 6
a * = 18
a / = 9
Relational Operators
|
operator |
Meaning |
Example |
|
== |
Is Equal To |
3 == 5 gives us false |
|
!= |
Not Equal To |
3 != 5 gives us true |
|
> |
Greater Than |
3 > 5 gives us false |
|
< |
Less Than |
3 < 5 gives us true |
|
>= |
Greater Than or Equal To |
3 >= 5 give us false |
|
<= |
Less Than or Equal To |
3 <= 5 gives us true |
#include <iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main() {
int a, b;
clrscr();
cout<<"Enter a & b value ";
cin>>a>>b;
cout << "a < b = " << (a
< b) << endl;
cout << "a <= b = " << (a <=
b) << endl;
cout << "a > b = " << (a
> b) << endl;
cout << "a >= b = " << (a >=
b) << endl;
cout << "a == b = " << (a ==
b) << endl;
cout << "a != b = " << (a !=
b) << endl;
getch();
}
Output
Enter a & b value
5 3
a < b = 0
a <= b = 0
a > b = 1
a >= b = 1
a == b = 0
a != b = 1
C++ Logical Operators
Logical operators are used to check whether an expression
is true or false. If the expression is true, it returns 1 whereas if the expression
is false, it returns 0.
|
Operator |
Example |
Meaning |
|
&& |
expression1 && expression2 |
Logical AND. |
|
|| |
expression1 || expression2 |
Logical OR. |
|
! |
!expression |
Logical NOT. |
#include <iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main() {
int a, b;
clrscr();
cout<<"Enter a & b value ";
cin>>a>>b;
cout << ((a==5)&&(b==3)) <<
endl;
cout << ((a==5)||(b==3)) << endl;
cout << (!a) << endl;
getch();
}
Output
Enter a & b value
0
1
0
C++ Bitwise Operators
|
Operator |
Description |
|
& |
Binary AND |
|
| |
Binary OR |
|
^ |
Binary XOR |
|
~ |
Binary One's Complement |
|
<< |
Binary Shift Left |
|
>> |
Binary Shift Right |
#include <iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main() {
int a, b;
clrscr();
cout<<"Enter a & b value ";
cin>>a>>b;
cout << "a & b = " << (a &
b) << endl;
cout << "a | b = " << (a | b)
<< endl;
cout << "a ^ b = " << (a ^ b)
<< endl;
cout << "~a = " << (~a)
<< endl;
cout << "a <<2 = " << (a<<2
) << endl;
cout << "a >>2 = " << (a>>2
) << endl;
getch();
}
Output
Enter a & b value
2 3
a & b = 2
a | b = 3
a ^ b = 1
~a = -3
a <<2 =8
a>>2 =0
#include <iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
// declare global variable
int a= 50;
void main ()
{
// declare local variable
int a= 100;
// print the value of the variables
cout << " The value of the local variable a: " << a;
// use scope resolution operator (::) to access the global variable
cout << "\n The value of the global variable a: " << ::a;
getch();
}
Output
The value of the local
variable a: 100
The value of the global variable a: 50
Unary Operator
PreIncrement Post Increment
int a=5 int a=5
int b=++a int b=a++
b=6 b=5
a=6 a=6
Predecrement Post decrement
int a=5 int a=5
int b=--a int b=a--
b=4 b=5
a=4 a=4
PreIncrement
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int a=5,b=++a;
clrscr();
cout<<"b="<<b<<endl<<"a="<<a;
getch();
}
Post Increment
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int a=5,b=a++;
clrscr();
cout<<"b="<<b<<endl<<"a="<<a;
getch();
}
Predecrement
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int a=5,b=--a;
clrscr();
cout<<"b="<<b<<endl<<"a="<<a;
getch();
}
Post decrement
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int a=5,b=a--;
clrscr();
cout<<"b="<<b<<endl<<"a="<<a;
getch();
}
C++ Manipulators
#include<iomanip.h>
example:1
#include<iostream.h>
#include<iomanip.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main(void)
{
int a,b;
a=100;b=200;
cout<<a<<b;
cout<<a<<'\t'<<b;// one
tab space inserted in output
cout<<setw(5)<<a<<setw(5)<<b<<endl;
cout<<setw(6)<<a<<setw(6)<<b<<endl;
cout<<setw(7)<<a<<setw(7)<<b<<endl;
getch();
}
output
200300
200 300
2 0 0 3 0 0
2 0 0 3 0 0
2 0 0 3 0 0
example:2
#include<iostream.h>
#include<iomanip.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main(void)
{
int a,b;
a=100;b=200;
cout<<setfill('*');
cout<<setw(5)<<a<<setw(5)<<b<<endl;
cout<<setw(6)<<a<<setw(6)<<b<<endl;
cout<<setw(7)<<a<<setw(7)<<b<<endl;
getch();
}
output
* * 2 0 0 * * 3 0 0
* * * 2 0 0 * * * 3 0 0
* * * * 2 0 0 * * * * 3 0 0
example:3
#include<iostream.h>
#include<iomanip.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
float a,b,c;
a=5;b=3;c=a/b;
cout<<setprecision(1)<<c<<endl;
cout<<setprecision(2)<<c<<endl;
cout<<setprecision(3)<<c<<endl;
cout<<setprecision(4)<<c<<endl;
cout<<setprecision(5)<<c<<endl;
cout<<setprecision(6)<<c<<endl;
getch();
}
output:
1.7
1.67
1.667
1.6667
1.66667
1.666667
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